Literature review (2) major project Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Writing audit (2) significant task - Essay Example It will likewise relate these examinations to one another as far as consistency over an assortment of factors. The advisor driven methodology in respiratory treatment as portrayed by the American Association of Respiratory Care (Des Jardins and Burton, 2006, p. 131) concentrates first on conveying individualized demonstrative and remedial consideration to patients; second, on helping the doctor in assessing the requirements of the patient; third, on deciding the signs for respiratory treatment and what mode would work best in giving quality wellbeing administrations to the patient; and ultimately, on enabling specialists in assigning signs-and-side effects based calculations for persistent treatment. This sort of treatment depends on the individual needs of a patient. The association with the advisor would essentially choose the treatment conventions for the patient. Every patient has exceptional characteristics and one of a kind needs that frequently at last impact the decisions that would work best for patients. The specialist driven conventions are likewise known for being explicit respiratory consideration administrations which are executed under the management of the respiratory consideration professionals (Stoller, 1998, p. 408). It fundamentally tries to actualize care administrations for patients all the more explicitly dependent on their requirements, and directed by specialists in respiratory consideration. The improvement of the consideration is communitarian and arranged with the help of different individuals from the social insurance group outfitted with the important mastery as respects respiratory consideration. The joint effort contemplates all components relevant to the necessities of the patient. As a rule, the advisor driven methodology reaches out to the respiratory counsel administration, otherwise called the assess and-treat program. This is a program â€Å"in which respiratory consideration is coordinated by respiratory consideration specialists dependent on a menu of c onventions for individual respiratory consideration services† (Stoller, 1998,

Business organisation and policy Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words

Business association and approach - Essay Example ............................................. 6 5. Conversation of Merger Seeking...................................................................... 7 6. Conclusion..................................................................................................... 9 References/Bibliography Business association and approach 1. Acquaintance Many organizations endeavor with improve their income stream or keep up a higher upper hand through the way toward getting or converging with other fruitful organizations. Organizations accept that they can increase an impressive development potential, improve generally speaking help conveyance or produce better and increasingly creative items by solidifying abilities that exist inside the business being procured and in the midst of the new business element obtained. In any case, many board individuals and officials at these organizations don't completely comprehend the real factors of what influences effective obtaining and merger reasoning, wi th the vast majority of these determined by the outside commercial center and outer partners. So as to comprehend what causes disappointments in combining and getting different firms, it is important to investigate genuine case chronicles of two distinct organizations with fundamentally unique achievement and disappointment results after merger. Air France converged with KLM and found an impressive development potential and collaboration advancement, while Daimler-Chrysler endured significant loss of business intensity and capital development after the merger. All things considered, board individuals and officials, in spite of such a high edge of bombed mergers and acquisitions, keep on searching out these open doors for an assortment of monetarily based reasons, for the potential advantages accomplished with investors and partners, and as a summed up vital strategy to improve proficiency, efficiency, and social turn of events. This report looks at the two consolidated organization contextual analyses and goes to an assurance with regards to why organizations keep on looking for merger and obtaining openings notwithstanding various disappointments in this procedure. 2. The instance of Air France and KLM Air France and KLM were both profoundly effective aircraft transporters that discovered autonomous income development in their home markets of France and the Netherlands separately. The two aircrafts concurred that a merger would improve their serious situation in the carrier commercial center and could grow durable collaborations that would eventually prompt deals development and cost decrease in key divisions of activities. The Air France and KLM merger ought to be viewed as a critical accomplishment in merger theory. Why would that be? In key markets, Ryanair and other minimal effort transporters were starting to extend their armadas by utilizing lean models of activities that took into consideration cost decrease to be given to customers in the cost of lowe r passages. This was affecting the productivity primary concern of both significant transporters which had higher overhead expenses and authoritative expenses related with work installments to keep up their expansive center systems. These ease transporters were utilizing dynamic evaluating and had the option to lessen promoting and publicizing costs; in this manner, it was getting progressively appealing to various objective market customers (Malighetti, Paleari and Redondi, 2009). As a result of administrative limitations, Air France and KLM, independently and in their host nations and markets, couldn't change their expenses of activities to effectively contend with Ryanair and other developing ease bearers utilizing entrance or dynamic evaluating models. Together, in any case, it gave

Everything You Should Know about Indias Online Gambling Industry

Everything You Should Know about India’s Online Gambling Industry Make Money Online Queries? Struggling To Get Traffic To Your Blog? Sign Up On (HBB) Forum Now!Everything You Should Know about India’s Online Gambling IndustryUpdated On 19/02/2020Author : Ram kumarTopic : TechnologyShort URL : https://hbb.me/2r8aWmp CONNECT WITH HBB ON SOCIAL MEDIA Follow @HellBoundBlogGambling has grown to become one of the fastest-growing entertainmentin today’s world. Technology advancements and increasing internet penetration have caused a significant boom in the gaming business.The rising number of smartphone users always looking out for new forms of entertainment has also impacted this industry. Indian online gaming has made it possible to enjoy casino games anywhere and everywhere.It has demystified the rules of the affluent going to casinos and allowed anyone and everyone to enjoy casino games at fair prices. Although, as with everything, it has a good and bad side, which is what we are about to discuss.The Advantages of Online GamblingAn estimate by S tatista.com shows that Indian gaming industry is expected to be worth118.8 billion Indian rupees in 2023.?????Online gaming has opened up a world of opportunities. It has enabled people to earn money, develop talents, and a chance to meet and compete with other players.Easy Access to Free GamesYou can access dozens of games online as long as you have an internet connection. Most online casinos offer free online versions of some of their games, which act as a good start for new players.The free games allow you to grip the basics before you start placing real money bets. If you’re on a budget, online casinos offer a variety of games.Online Casino BonusesAlmost all Indian casinos offer their players welcome bonuses, an enticement to keep them playing at a particular website. Apart from that,you’re also likely to enjoy other generous offers like the deposit match, no deposit, and reload bonuses.Owing to reduced overhead costs, they can offer these bonuses, unlike traditional brick a nd mortar casinos.Privacy and AnonymityThe issue of internet privacy has risen in the past few years. Hence, online gambling sites are subject to privacy policies they cannot breach.Equipped with state of the art encryption systems, online casinos work to protect your privacy. Nobody has to find out that you’ve been enjoying thrilling casino games.ConvenienceWith a smartphone, computer, or tablet, you can play casino games at any place of your wish. Be it your couch, on a long flight, in traffic, or when bored at work.READTurkey Banned Video Sharing Website Vimeo?Online gambling allows for freedom, flexibility, and comfort. You’re not bound to any codes and regulations set by land-based casinos.Enhanced SecuritySimilar to conventional casinos, Indian online casinos are bound by regulations. However, they are under more scrutiny by regulators, and there are more strict rules due to its nature.Their procedures and policies are centralized, making it easy to monitor and audit. But, not all casinos are well licensed, putting you at risk of being conned. Make sure the site you choose is adequately licensedto enjoy the best gaming experience.Choose from the Best Casino GamesIndian online casinos give access to hundreds of the latest and the most celebrated casino games.Online casinos are always on a race to come up with the best and most popular slot games and keep improving the table games industry. No need to travel miles to access the best casino games; you can reach them at the palm of your hand here atIndiaSlots.Disadvantages of GamblingOnline gambling is a double-edged sword. The information you have determines whether you gain or lose. A few disadvantages of online gaming include;It’s easy to develop lousy gambling habits or addiction. Online casinos are a few clicks away and can be accessed at any time and anywhere.There’s delayed gratification since it’s a virtual game involving virtual transactions. Payment methods for investing in and receiving money can be complicated. You need to follow a series of procedures before you transact cash.Unclear regulations surround the playing of online games. However, you are responsible for learning the rules that govern online gaming.It’s easy to lose track of time while playing casino games, thereby forgetting or neglecting your responsibilities.Many casinos have gone rogues; it’s important to research widely and go through reviews before committing to gambling on a specific site.A Convenient Way to Play!It’s clear; Indian online casinos have both advantages and disadvantages. The strengths outweigh the cons. Obstacles can be controlled by having personal discipline and getting to it with a sound mind.

A Brief Note On Workplace Discrimination And The Workplace

Workplace Discrimination Throughout history, discrimination happens all the time without one being aware of it. One place this happens very frequently is in the workplace. Discrimination has been indeed a controversial topic in every generation. There are many ways discrimination is often occurred in a workplace, and gradually increases when treating someone unfairly because of their gender. Another form of discrimination is women discrimination in a workplace. In most cases, it can lead to quitting a job, or even prevent you to do something harmful to oneself or to the person that provoked you. This term is used to determine the different ways women are getting discriminated due to their disabilities, simply gender, and even for being pregnant. For instance, in Human Rights for Women, Nancy Munger and Laura Roskos state, CEDAW s provisions securing equal rights for women have not been ratified by the United States nor has the United States ever adopted an Equal Rights Amendment to its own constitution (Mun ger and Roskos). As usual, there s nowhere stating that women will be treated adequately. However, at this point, there are several important laws that protect women to a certain mark which can be elaborated to a greater view. Workplace discrimination of women must be ended, ensuring the right of women to be treated equal under the law. The violation of the Affirmative action which initiated in the 1960 s was establish to counteract discrimination of women. WithShow MoreRelatedA Brief Note On Discrimination And The Workplace2046 Words   |  9 Pages Zack Sousa Research Paper Rough Draft Period 6 3/9/15 Discrimination in the Workplace Typically, people see monsters as ugly, frightening creatures. 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The culture of space is one that involves creation of space that enables individuals to feel and be comfortable, welcome, and safe. This means that there is no discrimination on grounds of biological sex or sexual orientation, cultural background, age, physical or mental ability, race, or gender. This workRead MoreSexual Orientation Struggles By Jennifer Brown1175 Words   |  5 PagesSexual Orientation Struggles Jennifer Brown National University Author Note A brief author note (which should not be included in papers submitted in Paul Rose’s classes) goes here. It may include acknowledgment of funding sources, expressions of gratitude to research assistants and contact information for the author who will handle requests. I have a few notes of my own to share here. First, I am very grateful to everyone who has emailed me with suggested improvements; I’m sorry I can’t acknowledgeRead MoreTask 2 Manage meetings1527 Words   |  7 PagesAssessment Task 1. 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Specifically, it forbids discrimination on the basis of genetic information whenRead MoreLabor Government Budget Building Australia Future Workforce For Positive Impact On Workforce Re Entry For Long Term Essay1553 Words   |  7 Pagesterm unemployment (exceeding one year) and very long term unemployed (exceeding two years) amongst working aged youth is becoming a disturbing trend within Australia’s workforce. †¢ Dr Lucas Walsh Director of the Foundation for Young Australians notes when manual and educational employment preparation for Australia’s highly competitive workforce depletes, the unemployment trend will not reverse (ABC, 2011). Youth unemployment is exacerbated by employer choice: a young person with little employmentRead MoreAustralian Culture : Australia, Australian Icon, Sport, Politics, And Culture Of Australia1595 Words   |  7 Pagesof Australian context in various domains and skills. It includes discussions such as indigenous culture of Australia, Australian Icon, sport, politics, slangs, icons, curriculum and ancient history of Australia. This document is intended to give a brief review on these selected topics from an Australian point of view. Exercise 1: Australian Indigenous Culture: Indigenous Australia is not just one particular group. Islanders and aboriginals altogether have different thoughts, beliefs and ideas. The

Cardinal Number Definition and Examples in Grammar

Gangster Films The Most Complex Category Of Films

Introduction Gangster films are the most complex category of films that mirror our views on the moral justice. Crime films centered on criminal activities such as hoodlums, alcohol during prohibition, bank robbery, and petty theft. Admittedly, the criminal activities that featured in the gangster films got executed against the laws, and they were carried out with no regard to the safety of human life. They evolve around gangsters who were motivated to seek power and wealth. The earliest gangster films in the United States can be traced back to the silent epoch of 1897-1927 when the country was experiencing the progressive era (Kolker 67). The crime films during this period capitalized on the social conditions that were being encountered in the United States such as the immigration and urbanization that resulted in increasing of organized crimes, distrust of the government and social anarchy. Apparently, the proliferation of gangster activities and the social disorder led to the emergence of crime films. Importantly, the gangster films of the 1920s and late 1930s led to significant influence to the American cinema gangster mythology. These mythical gangster films were driven in a manner that could reach their epitome where ironically, they got doomed. The characters of these films were described as both heroes and criminals depending on the way the society viewed them. The gangster activities depicted in these early films were as a result of a failed Uni ted States economicShow MoreRelatedThe History of Film Noir Essay1018 Words   |  5 PagesThe History of Film Noir Film Noir literally means ‘Black Film’. This term was first coined by French film critic Nino Frank, who noticed a trend in the darkness of themes in many American films that constituted wartime cinema. Classic film noir developed during the 1940’s during and after World War two, taking advantage of the post war zeitgeist of anxiety, pessimism and suspicion. Mistrust, fear, paranoia, and bleakness is obvious in noir, it reflects the cold warRead MoreQuentin Tarantino - Adventures in Postmodern Cinema4027 Words   |  17 PagesQuentin Tarantino: Adventures in Postmodern Cinema Elias Soh Quentin Tarantino: Adventures in Contemporary Postmodern Cinema 0700173H T03 Ms. Ng Kwee Hoon Film Theory Criticism Quentin Tarantino: Adventures in Contemporary Postmodern Cinema Introduction Abstract FILMS written and directed by Quentin Tarantino between 1991 and 2004 have been variously admired for their styles, visual and verbal wit, three-dimensional characterization and character development and unique narrative structureRead MoreFilm Analysis3103 Words   |  13 PagesFilm Analysis Holly Cox Adam Deutsch English 225: Introduction to Film August 30, 2010 Film Analysis There is so much more to analyzing films than watching a movie. 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Courtship-Romance Musicals or Rock Operas are often shuffled into the generic class of Musical, while the 1930’s films of Fred Astaire and Ginger Rogers, examplesRead MoreHow Chinese Cinema Has Reflected And Shaped The Idea Of Nation2724 Words   |  11 Pagesframing and characterization of Lee, and in specific in his role as Chen Zhen in the film ‘Fist of Fury’ compresses within the masculine body of Bruce Lee the character of Chinese nationalism and masculinity. What do cinema and movies actually mean? The term cinema is defined as the art of moving pictures or a visual media that tells stories, exposes reality and conveys messages. On the other hand, movies, also called a film or motion picture is also a story that is communicated with animating images.Read MoreEssay African American Perception2485 Words   |  10 PagesThe perception of racism towards African Americans in the United States is shown through both current American novels and films. 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ARSON STATS Essay Example For Students

ARSON STATS Essay ARSON FACTS1. Arson kills 100 people, injures 2,500 and costs the UK economy 1.3 billion everyyear, according to A Compendium of Arson in the UK, published today by theAssociation of British Insurers (ABI). 2. Key information in this new collection of arson research and statistics includes:3. In the UK, around 45% of all fires attended by the fire brigade are as a result ofarson. 4. Between 1987 and 1998, the number of arson attacks more than doubled, increasingfrom 37,400 to 88,300. This contrasts with falling numbers of accidental fires downfrom 128,200 in 1987 to 110,700 in 1998. 5. Around a fifth of arson attacks are on homes, killing up to 70 people each year, andinjuring 2,000. These fires cause around 55 million worth of damage each year. 6. Arson attacks on motor vehicles account for around half of all malicious fires in theUK, causing 20 deaths and injuring up to 80 people every year. The financial cost isaround 77 million each year. 7. Schools are also a key target, with around three-quarters of school fires caused byarson. Deliberately-started school fires cost over 40 million a year. 8. Commenting on the Compendium, Tony Baker, ABIs Deputy Director General, andChief Executive of the Arson Prevention Bureau, said:9. This publication gathers together, for the first time, key statistics andresearch findings on the massive problem of arson in the UK. The cost especially the human cost is shocking, and I hope that, by publicisingthe extent and size of the problem, we can help to encourage improvedprevention of arson and detection of arsonists.

Igneous Rocks Essays - DraftQuarzo, The Triumph Of The Church

Igneous Rocks ROCAS IGNEAS PLUTONICAS En este capitulo, consideramos la familia de las rocas ?gneas intrusivas - granito, gabro y otras de la misma familia - las cuales se cristalizan, desde su fundici?n a grandes profundidades en la corteza terrestre y que luego son tra?das a la superficie por la erosi?n de las formaciones superiores. La g?nesis desde una fundici?n a alt?simas temperaturas (aprox. 900?C), y kil?metros de ascenso imprimen caracter?sticas especiales en estas rocas. Tambi?n consideraremos las particularidades qu?micas y mec?nicas de la inusual roca: serpentina, la cual se origina en el manto terrestre, en algunos casos ascendiendo en estado s?lido con grandes deformaciones internas. Contrariamente a la serpentina que generalmente presenta problemas desde el punto de vista ingenieril, las rocas gran?ticas son generalmente consideradas como el mejor aliado de los ingenieros, con buenas cualidades, sin meteorizaci?n y sin fracturamiento el granito es el prototipo de un lecho de roca. Sin embargo, generalmente las rocas gran?ticas presentan meteorizaci?n o fracturamiento, o ambas. Esto puede generar muchos problemas. Las rocas gran?ticas las encontramos haciendo parte de los n?cleos de gran cantidad de monta?as y en otros lugares donde existieron elevaciones. Principalmente en aquellas regiones llamadas escudos. El escudo Canadiense cubre la mayor?a de la zona este del Canad?, que se extiende desde las Monta?as Rocosas hasta la regi?n de los Grandes Lagos en U.S.A. Existen escudos similares de rocas gran?ticas que se encuentran bajo la superficie de Brasil, El oeste de Australia, Africa, Escandinavia y Siberia. Un gran porcentaje de roca de estos escudos se asemeja al granito, pero pueden haberse formado por metamorfismo y no por solidificaci?n de masa en fusi?n. Las rocas de tipo gran?tico tambi?n pueden encontrarse en masas separadas de varios tama?os y formas, en intrusiones de rocas de diferente tipo fuera del n?cleo de cualquier zona monta?osa. Entre este grupo se encuentra granito plut?nico terciario que se presenta en la zona este de U.S.A y generalmente est?n asociados con dep?sitos de mi neral. Las rocas plut?nicas son especialmente fascinantes para los ge?logos, ya que estas son mensajeras del interior de la tierra. Su composici?n y texturas nos presentan hechos, que con una buena interpretaci?n pueden revelar la temperatura, presi?n, y composici?n de la corteza baja y del manto. GEOLOGIA DE LAS ROCAS PLUTONICAS Magma Los terremotos precedidos por erupciones volc?nicas tienen or?genes en eventos que ocurren aproximadamente a 60km bajo la superficie. Entonces podemos decir que estos movimientos tel?ricos se producen por la entrada de magma en fisuras de la corteza. Cuerpos de magma se encuentran bajo las regiones de actividad volc?nica, como el Monte Santa Helena en Oregon y en regiones de alta actividad t?rmica, como el parque Yellowstone con sus geysers, aguas termales y piscinas de lodo hirviente. El gradiente t?rmico aumenta en las capas superiores de la corteza en 10?C/km, en ares que se encuentran sobre magma, puede subir hasta 50?C/km. Formas de intrusi?n ?gnea Las rocas ?gneas plut?nicas se encuentran en capas planas o en vol?menes de configuraci?n mas complejos. Las capas de rocas ?gneas intrusivas, se extienden en dos direcciones y solamente cm o m de espesor en las otras direcciones. Estas se presentan cuando el magma se introduce en fisuras y se extiendo por kil?metros. Estas intrusiones en capas verticales a los planos de estratificaci?n son llamados diques, o de lo contrario si la intrusi?n es en forma horizontal se le denominan mantos tabulares. Tambi?n encontramos intrusiones que semejan a los mantos tabulares pero difieren a estos en que poseen una b?veda en la parte superior, este tipo de intrusi?n es llamada lacolitos. Los ge?logos estructurales ayudados por la teor?a de la mec?nica de fracturas nos pueden explicar las formas e intersecciones de los diques. Entre estas formas se encuentran los diques anillados las capas c?nicas y los grupos de diques. La estructura primaria de mayor tama?o que podemos encontrar son los batolitos . Estas formaciones son generalmente mayores a 100km?, y son enormes vol?menes de roca gran?tica que se extienden por toda la corteza terrestre. Existen otras formaciones con dimensiones menores a 100km? llamadas stocks. Clasificaci?n de las rocas plut?nicas Las rocas ?gneas est?n compuestas de un peque?o n?mero de minerales tales como: feldespatos, piroxeno, hornblenda, olivino, biotita, cuarzo y otros. Algunos de estos minerales son aliados, encontr?ndose frecuentemente juntos en

Euthanasia Death and Euthanasia Essay

Euthanasia Death and Euthanasia Essay Euthanasia: Death and Euthanasia Essay Research Essay – Euthanasia Euthanasia is a serious moral and ethical issue in today’s world. Rightly so. Approximately 1.2million people in the United States and about 564,600 Americans annually – more than 1,500 people per day are suffering from terminal illnesses (Growthhouse). However, most people think that euthanasia is murdering, even if they believe that suffering is a horrible thing. Being bed-ridden in pain because of a disease or sickness is completely horrifying. Interestingly, someone came up with an act that is known as â€Å"Euthanasia† which allows people to kill themselves due to pain or suffering. Often, it is confused with the term â€Å"assisted suicide† which means someone, normally a physician, voluntarily helps the patient to end his or her life. Euthanasia is the act of someone ending the life of a terminally ill person by injection or medical treatment. This is a topic that consists of countless opinions and much controversy as to whether euthanasia should b e legalized or not. Even though I have never known a person that has an incurable disease or sickness, if a loved one or I were diagnosed, for instance, with a terminal illness like cancer, I would definitely choose euthanasia as an option to end the suffering and pain in my life. If there were no other way to cure the disease and take away the agony, patients would not want to live a painful life and die a tormented death. Instead, being helped by someone to take away the pain sooner, even if that meant dying, would be a better option. Though some may not choose euthanasia or physician assisted suicide. At least, by having the right to choose euthanasia, one has hope of making the pain end. Therefore, I agree with the practice of euthanasia and strongly believe that everyone has the right to decide whether they want to end their own life or not. First of all, deciding to live or die should be a personal decision to be made by everyone. However, many people support legalizing Euthanasia. Author Sidney Hook is one of these people. In his article â€Å"In Defense of Voluntary Euthanasia,† he believes that â€Å"each one should be permitted to make his/ her choice especially when no one else is harmed by it† (Hook, 242-245). I strongly agree with his philosophy that people have the right to choose to live or die because I think people who live their lives enduring pain and suffering because of a sickness are already facing so much and, furthermore, they wouldn’t want to be a lifelong liability to their family. This question often arises: â€Å"Where do the sick people go when there is no medical help available and the disease in question is incurable? Are they expected to go on with their life until the pain kills them? That is absolutely brutal! If a patient has no hope to live a comfortable life any longe r because he is suffering from unbearable pain, why should the law or the patient’s family have the right to make the decision whether he/she should live or die? It should be the patient’s right to decide if they want to end their life by euthanasia. This may help the suffering patients to die a less painful death (Rottenberg, â€Å"You Live Your Life, I’ll Take Mine!†) and maybe end their own life with some happiness. Euthanasia should be seen as a ray of hope for a suffering person. Then again, it shouldn’t be perceived as an answer to every illness. Only a patient who is terminally ill or is suffering in extreme anguishing pain should have the right to choose if he prefers to end his life by the practice of euthanasia. It should not be determined by anyone else how long a person’s pain should continue. There should not be a law that denies someone the hope to put an end to his or her pain. How could there exist a law that states that euthanasia cannot be legal in any case? It is not right for other people, for instance, a doctor or an intellectual, to decide if it is immoral to practice euthanasia. They don’t understand the pain and suffering of the patient in such

Media and Child Welfare Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Media and Child Welfare - Essay Example (concerning digitization) and cultural shifts (towards a more individualistic consumer society) appear to have handed new media technologies a competitive advantage over their predecessors† (Freedman, 2006, 275). With more and more people utilizing the new forms of disseminating relevant issues and information for various purposes, critical issues on child welfare are increasingly being criticized. Children at very young ages are solely dependent on their parents for support – physical, emotional, financial, spiritual, and in other developmental aspects. Parents usually devote quality time and effort to assure that their kids experience a wide spectrum of developmental and socialization skills needed to prepare them for the future. Issues that affect children’s welfare are scrutinized for violations of ethical codes of conduct in terms of research and manner of dissemination to the public. Ethical issues in research involving children range from concerns affecting children directly and the areas involved in undertaking the research. Those critical ethical issues that emerge affecting children are giving informed consent, competencies of children, environmental and social context, and controversial issues such as child abuse, neglect and all forms of aggression, among others. Issues affecting child welfare take into consideration the sensitivity of the topic, the aims of the research, methodologies, sources of funds, and participants to the study, to name a few. According to the UNC – Chapel Hill School of Social Work (2005), â€Å"on the face of it the effectiveness of rural child welfare social workers and the media do not appear to be related, but they are. Indeed, any agency’s ability to ensure the safety and well-being of children is significantly influenced by the way that agency is perceived by families and the general public. And the media is a very powerful player when it comes to educating citizens and shaping public opinion† (par.

Cae Inc. Recommendation To Acquire Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Cae Inc. Recommendation To Acquire - Essay Example These recommendations are based on the previous analysis of the firm’s current performance and Strengths, Weakness Opportunities and Threats (SWOT) analysis. An accord recommendation is established by an optimal comparison of numerical figures, estimating average values to the closest integer. In most cases, a non-US based research is more suitable for determining the future of the company since the company operates internationally in 20 countries (CAE Global Academy Official site, 2012). Recommendations to Acquire With reference to the firm’s two year price target range, it is prudent to conclude that the company’s agreed price to acquire is $ 13.6 for the shares of the firm (Zacks Investment Research, 2012). The price targets are determined by approximating the future earnings per security and then making use of the multiple of price to earnings commonly known as the price earnings ratio. As shown in the diagram below it would be appropriate for the company to acquire another firm when the share price is at its highest level since the target firm will be forced to lower its share price in preference for a better performing firm such as CAE Inc. at the lowest share price which is less than $ 9.50 the company will not be in a position to acquire the target firm given the many different rivals in the market. Source: Attachments From the SWOT analysis in the preliminary report earlier on handed, it is noted that the company has a variety of opportunities available which includes the underdeveloped health care and mining industries (Annual Report of the CAE. 2012). This analysis is important to the firm as it would be appropriate for it to make bid for the firms in the respective industries at 10Am or 1 Pm when the day’s share prices are selling at a maximum share offer. As shown in the diagram below the quoted price is highest at $ 10.08 at the indicated times. Thus the assumption from the diagram below is that the bids to be considere d by the firm must be launched at either 10am or 1pm for the respective firms. Source: Attachments The company must not ignore the potential threats available which include the reduction in the defense services and military markets globally as well as the escalating fuel and the energy prices. These must be taken into consideration when making bids for the target firm. The price consented to must incorporate possible impact of the rise in the fuel prices. This is to avoid loss making in the first years of operation after the takeover or acquisition process. The process of acquisition entails various costs which must not be ignored by the financial analysts of the firm. In this point of view, it is necessary for the company to bear in mind the momentum of the analysts’ reviews. Notably, there seem to be a positive or constructive analysis or prediction of the firm’s future growth. The momentum stands at 7 of 9 approximations predicting an upward growth of the firm by an EPS mean change of 1.33 by the year 2013 (CAE Global Academy Official site, 2012). The valuation of the firm is considerably high which must be in line with the potential target firms. From the preliminary report, it has been noted with a lot of concern that the Healthcare market which is one of the main areas of operations by the firm has a diversity of shortcomings and opportunities.

Evolution of Community Kitchens

Evolution of Community Kitchens Abstract Community kitchen, as a concept is critical for ensuring the food security of the vulnerable population. It is a gathering point where groups of people come together to pool their resources to cook large quantities of food. The main focus of this research thesis is to understand the concept of community kitchens and their operation in different social settings. This research also aims to understand the role of the government agencies (if any) in ensuring the food security for the communities (which is their primary responsibility). In the changing context of state relegating to a secondary position, initiatives by such private actors assume significance. By highlighting on two different case studies of organizations, we tend to unravel the process of community kitchens in separate social environments. With the help of participant observation, focus group discussions and in-depth individual interviews, this research is an exploration of the possibilities of food security through the c oncept of community kitchens. Introduction Community kitchen is an institution where food is prepared by the members of a community in a collective manner. There are different models of community kitchens that exist around the social space. Generally it is observed that members of a community who prepare food are also the consumers of the same meals cooked collectively. However there are other models like Akshay Patra (our case study in the present study) where food is collectively prepared but distributed among the non preparers of the food cooked. Community kitchens aid the community in preparing affordable meals through a self sustaining institution. The purchase, preparation and consumption are more often than not done in a collective manner which makes the enterprise a cost effective and time efficient in nature. While meeting a communitys social needs, collective kitchens are a mechanism which provide financial, social and food security to the community members. Community kitchens are socially rooted institutions, they help in increasing the solidarity among the members of the community. Grace Campbell states The formation and operation of community kitchens varies widely across communities and cultures and is largely dependent on the membership, yet each organization requires a well-equipped kitchen, willing participants, and initial capital. Food security is a modern day challenge, which needs to be addressed at all levels of society. Community kitchens at local level provide access to affordable and nutrition rich food to the members of a community, which goes a long way in ensuring food security. Globalization, inflation, increasing gap between the haves and have nots, are the major reasons which are keeping an average man food insecure. In such a scenario, this research aims to explore food security through the concept of community kitchens. Food security Food security is a condition in which all people at all times can acquire safe, nutritionally adequate and personally acceptable foods that are accessible in a manner that maintains human dignity.[1] The four components of food security, as described in the literature, are the quantitative, the qualitative, the social, and the psychological. The quantitative component describes what is traditionally known as hunger, not having enough to eat at the individual level, or not having food in the house at the household level. The qualitative component concerns the quality of the available food (its nutritional adequacy, safety, and variety). Individuals often compromise on food quality to cope with a lack of funds to purchase suitable foods. The psychological component includes the fears and decreased feelings of self-worth associated with dealing with the lack of funds to purchase sufficient, quality food, whereas the social component describes many of the coping strategies used to acquir e food when funding has run out, such as charity, stealing, and buying on credit. [2] In the 21st century disparities in economic growth have questioned the socio-economic and environmental sustainability. The issue of food security has now become a global concern. Notwithstanding the technological and scientific developments in the area of agricultural productivity, hunger and malnutrition continue to be a threat to the humanity. Access to food is still perceived by many as a privilege, rather than a basic human right, and it is estimated that about 35 000 people around the world die each day from hunger. An even larger number of people suffer from malnutrition. [3] UNFAO (United Nations Food and Agriculture Organization) defines food security as Food security is food available at all times; that all persons have means of access to it; that it is nutritionally adequate in terms of quantity, quality and variety; and that it is acceptable within the given culture. Only when all these conditions are in place can a population be considered food secure. Based on the UN definition research world over emphasizes on four main components of the issue of food security those being availability to provide sufficient food to all, equal accessibility to nutritious food, acceptability of food based on local traditions and cultures and lastly adequacy which emphasizes on sustainability of production and distribution of food. Food security in India Food security has been a major development objective in India since the beginning of planning. The achievements of green revolution have somehow failed to reach the bottom of the pyramid. Chronic food insecurity remains at an all time high. Over 225 million Indians remain chronically under nourished. The state of Indias food security is worsening by the year.[4]The cost of food items is increasing rapidly, making them unaffordable to a majority of the people. In recent years, there has been a state policy focus towards household level food security and per capita food energy intake is taken as a measure of food security. The Indian government has been implementing a wide range of nutrition intervention programmes for achieving food security at the household and individual levels. The Public Distribution System (PDS) supplies food items, such as food grains and sugar, at administered prices through a network of fair price shops. There have been a range of food-for-work and other wage employment programmes. Another approach adopted by the government is to target women and children directly. This includes the mid-day meal programme for school going children, supplementary nutrition programme for children and women and Right to Food bill. [5] The Right to Food Bill introduced in the parliament in 2009 insists on the physical, economic and social right of all citizens to have access to safe and nutritious food, consistent with an adequate diet necessary to lead an active and healthy life with dignityWith the Right to Food campaign, hunger and food insecurity have come in the center of development discourse in India. Notwithstanding all these developments, our country is a habitat of people with unconscionable level of malnutrition and hunger. Malnutrition levels among the children and women are even higher than the overall average. Institute of Nutrition, Indian Council for Medical Research) estimates that nearly 40% of the adult population in India has a Body Mass Index of less than 18.5, which implies chronic energy deficiency of epic proportions, bordering on a national humanitarian crisis. [6] Since food security of the vast majority in the region is at stake, addressing such a wide range of issues demands community value-system based participatory approaches to ensure involvement of all the stakeholders. The various government schemes may serve as immediate means for dealing with food insecurity but shall be of ultimate irrelevance, until we work on developing our local community based food systems strong.[7] One of such means is through the institution of community kitchens. Community kitchens in their historic perspective Community kitchen as a concept is old, dating back to the late 15th century, which has undergone change over the years and the current form seems to be involving the community to address larger social issues like food security. In India, Sikhs have a history of providing food along with every worship service, ceremony, or event, and when Gurus gained popularity, people traveled from far of distances and gathered in groups to hear them preach the principles of equality and humanity. It was in the late 15th century that Guru Nanak dev ji, the founder of Sikhism, started the institution of Langar (community kitchens). Langar is a Persian word meaning an alms house, an asylum for the poor and the destitute.[8]Langar upheld and reinforced the Sikh principles of service to mankind, equality of all and humility. Although the institution was begun under aegis od Guru Nanak, it was institutionalized by Guru Amar Das, who sought to encourage a tradition of eating together that had begun with Nanak, the founder of Sikhism. Langar is the collective kitchen which is run in the Gurudwara. The institution feeds all who come, regardless of their religion, caste, gender or creed. Sikh devotes are involved in each stage from the food preparation, to feeding and to cleaning of the utensils. Today, this institution of Langar is cornerstone of Sikh religion, encouraging the discipline of service and a spirit of co-operation, philanthropy, equality, the ideas and practices deeply imbedded in the community kitchen movement. The practice and its origin must be seen in the light of its contradiction to the Hindu and Muslim custom at the time, which separated people on basis of caste (social ranking) or purdah (seclusion of women). In the recent past various moments around the concept of community kitchens can be seen across the world. In the nineties of the last century community kitchen was seen as a movement in Nicaragua, when Sandinista government lost power. The fall of the government put the nations food security policy in turmoil. It was then that community kitchens were set up all across the country to address the issues of hunger and deprivation. Similarly in Abkhazia, after the end of war between Georgia and Abkhazia (1994) community kitchens were established to provide food to the vulnerable populations of the country. The focus of the state sponsored community kitchens were women, children and elderly. Self sufficiency and sustainability were attained by purchase at local level and secondly by employing the local community. In America too, we see the moment of community kitchens. A not for profit body called Second Harvest was a pioneer to work in the area of food security in USA. Extensive community kitchens were set up to create hunger free America. The programme was unique as it involved students in the food preparation and distribution process. This led to skill enhancement and job training for the unemployed youth. History also holds evidence of collective kitchens operating in San Francisco. Community kitchens were set up there to meet the need of the immigrants and other discriminated sections of the population. These kitchens continue to encourage community unity through resource pooling, cultural exchange, and social interaction. Although in most of the cases the community and collective meal programmes were primarily organized to address financial challenges, many kitchens now focus on expanding social circles, multicultural interaction, address the challenges of hunger, dealing with food insecurity, and building community capacity. Food security and community kitchens Collaborative solutions that will make our communities resilient in the 21st century dont need to be at vast scales alone. Efforts at local community, household and individual levels play an important role to deal with the issue of food insecurity. One such model of community kitchens is a smart, practical program that has the ability to promote local food security. This model not only ensures that the participants have access to affordable food, but also in a sustainable and cost efficient manner. These are resilience building institutions, and work on principles of shared equality and mutual benefit. This local level initiative has the ability to grow across a wide range and make an impact on the global food security level. Community kitchens as alternate means of livelihood Community kitchens can serve as means of alternate livelihood to women of the marginalized sections, unemployed youth, local unskilled labor and other marginalized communities like sex workers. Community kitchen has the ability to provide the financial means whereby a group or a community can live a dignified and sustainable life. Sex workers face continuous social exclusion and are in a constant search for a stigma free means of livelihood as a pre-requisite for a dignified and better tomorrow. Initiation of community kitchens provides as a means of employment for many unskilled and semi-skilled workers thus ensuring a livelihood to the community. Collective kitchens serve to reduce vulnerability of marginalized sections of the society. It provides source of income as well as a sense of ownership and possession to the members of the community. Sex works lead a life of stigma and discrimination. The degree of stigma is higher among male and transgender sex workers. As members of the society it is their right to be a part of the normal social life, without any marginalization. Especially sex workers facing stigma of HIV Aids have a natural right to live in supporting environments free from social stigmas. United Nations Community based programs like community kitchens have a crucial role in assisting communities to identify and change stigmatizing attitudes and behaviors related to HIV and sex work and to foster a spirit of tolerance and inclusion. Community kitchens provide meaningful and comprehensive set of alternatives and meaningful economic options to sex work. Hunger, food productivity and illiteracy: establishing the link While talking about building community capacity the children of the community must remain the central focus. Children, who come from remote rural areas, work so hard at the household level that going to school remains no priority for them. It is a well established fact that knowledge has the ability to transform society. Education to these children can serve as a force which can liberate the coming generations from the clutches of abject poverty. Children living in vicious circle of hunger and illiteracy require special attention by the government and society, in form of new schools, better learning facilities, learned teaches, and locally relevant syllabus taught in their local language. Have we ever wondered why the hungry are always also illiterate? A study by World Bank states that the people who are undernourished and the adults who are illiterate are mostly the same people, mainly the poor in rural areas. Illiteracy and hunger thus are cause and effect of one another, making it a vicious cycle of poverty. Collaborating the solution of the issues of education and hunger represents an important step forward, it has led to the creation of a new partnership initiative called mid day meal scheme in India. Hunger among children leaves them with very little energy to attend school and learn effectively. Medical research proves that hunger impairs both mental and physical growth of children. If millions of hungry children cannot learn, or are forced to work instead of attending school we will not reach the Millennium Development Goal of universal primary education. Offering incentives like noon meal encourages children to attend and their parents to send them to school and such initiatives could have a major impact on child nutrition, school attendance and social equity. Universal and nutritious mid-day meals would be a significant step towards realization of the right to food.[9] National Programme of Nutritional Support to Primary Education National Programme of Nutritional Support to Primary Education (NP-NSPE), popularly known as the Mid Day Meal Scheme, was launched as a Centrally Sponsored Scheme on 15th August 1995, initially in 2408 blocks in the country. The mid day meal scheme aims to ensure food security among the school going children in India. Under the aegis of the scheme the school going children in all government schools are to be provided with free lunch. Midday meal scheme began as a strategic program to address two most pressing problems in India: hunger and education. The government of India had made education for children between the age group of 6-14. Hunger obstructs the process of holistic education, as children are forced to leave schools and take up menial jobs. Lack of education curtails opportunities for development and leads to vicious circle of poverty and hunger. Midday meal programs (school lunch) emerged to address the multiple challenges of poverty, hunger, and access to education. Rationale behind the mid day meal scheme is firstly, to protect school going children from chronic hunger. Secondly to attain advancement in school attendance and enrollment rates. Thirdly, enhance socialization and feeling of oneness among students, thus breaking the schakels of gender, race, class and caste. Supreme Court of India passed an order on November 28, 2001, which mandated Cooked midday meal is to be provided in all the government and government-aided primary schools in all the states. This order expedited the implementation of the scheme. Mid day meal scheme was soon extended across the nation and across all government schools, government aided schools and for children in anganwari centers. The allocation and off take of food grains under the scheme during the 10th Plan and the first two years of the 11th Plan 2007-08 2008-09is presented in Table 1. The table 1 summarizes the allocation of funds in terms of food grains each year, from 2002-03 to the last financial year. The allocations have risen considerably over the years, both in terms of the rice and wheat food grains. It is seen from the table that allocations from the central government have been more than the off take or utilization of the food grains in the implementation of the scheme. The summary of subsidies in different states, as on November 2009, is listed below: The table 2 shows a comparative analysis of how the central government is contributing in terms of money and food grains for the smooth running of the mid-day meal scheme. It can be seen that in Karnataka the subsidy varies with three grade levels. Subsidy in terms of money is same for the level 1 to 5 and from 6 to 7, however it increases from 1.80 rupees to 2.20 per child per day when students reach grade 10. The grains available for children below grade 5 are 100 grams per child per day, which increases to 150 grams of grains per child per day from grade 6 onwards. On an average all states are providing 100 grams of grains per child per day in lower primary level and 150 grams per child per day in the upper primary level. Chhattisgarh and Uttar Pradesh provide highest amount of monetary subsidy per child per day that is 3.00 rupees. Karnataka state shows the lowest figures (1.80 rupees) in terms of monetary subsidy. It must also be borne in mind that higher subsidy does not necess arily correspond to better performances. We shall look into the state of Karnataka in detail in section three. The scheme has a long history especially in the state of Tamil Nadu, where it was introduced by K. Kamraj government in 1960s and expanded by M.G Ramachandran in 1982. Ever since it has been adopted by most of the states in India after the landmark directions by the Supreme Court of India. The purpose behind the judgment was to enhance enrolment, retention, and participation of children in primary schools, simultaneously improving their nutritional status. The judgment aims to cater to the nutritional needs of low-income groups in both rural and urban areas (Planning Commission, 2007).[10] As per the programme the Government of India provides grains free of cost and the States will provide the costs of other ingredients, salaries and infrastructure. By January 2004, nearly 50 million children received midday meals provided either by the Government or by NGOs working in partnership with the government.[11] However, inconsistent food quality, occasional food poisoning, poor hygiene, and operational concerns were among the complications to the provision of government-sponsored midday meals. The meals were prepared by teachers, who cooked the same meal every day: ghoogri, gruel made of boiled wheat. Children reported that that they grew tired of eating the same food daily, they did not like the taste, and it often made them feel sick. In 2004, a fire accidentally started by a teacher cooking the midday meal killed 90 children in Tamil Nadu, an event which underscored the safety issues inherent in meals prepared in makeshift kitchens based on school sites. Given the scope of hunger in India and the difficulties faced by the government programs, the task of feeding school children was still a significant challenge. Public private partnership implementation As the research is based on two organizations located in the state of Maharashtra, the following section analyses the public private partnership model used to implement the mid day meal scheme in the state. The State of Karnataka introduced the provision of cooked meals in June 2002 which saw a successful private sector participation in the programme. One such initiative was Akshaya Patra, which started with leadership from ISKCON (International Society for Krishna Consciousness). The programme has evolved into a movement where by children in the government schools are provided with cooked lunch on all working days. The state and the central government support the Foundation in the execution of the programme. Hence the programme runs a collective kitchen based on a public-private partnership. The Akshay Patra program is conducted in partnership with the various State Governments and Central Government. All of these governments provide a subsidy to support about 55% of the running cos t of the Akshay Patra program. The Central Government support is routed through the respective State Governments. The meal includes a nutritious mix such as sambar, rice, vegetables and some curd on most days. Since the success of this programme there has been an in the private sector participation in India. The partnerships in execution of the programme are not limited to rural areas but also major urban centers like Delhi, and Hyderabad.[12] About the study Statement of the problem In the Indian context both GDP and food grain production have risen at a faster growth rate than growth in population over the past 50 years. Yet our country faces chronic hunger and starvation among large sections of our population. There has been declining calorie consumption especially in the bottom 30% of the pyramid. Attempting policy reforms in an era of overall weakening governance and state commitment in social sectors seems a challenge. In this background, concept of collective and community kitchens have evolved and grown acquiring various dimensions in the past few years. This research aims to explore the possible link between community kitchens and food security. The research revolves around the idea of community kitchens being the possible means to attain an end of food insecurity examining the models of Ashodaya Samiti and Akshay Patra in the Indian scenario. Ashodaya Samiti is a sex workers organization working for HIV prevention since January 2004 in Mysore district of Karnataka. In 2004 University of Manitoba was directly implementing the HIV prevention project ably supported by the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundations Avahan project.[13] The organizations collectivization and formal registering as Ashodaya Samithi was done in December 2005. Community mobilization since then has today resulted in the formation of the community based organization to take ownership of HIV awareness, prevention care, support activities and beginning of an entrepreneurial venture in the form of community kitchens. The second organization under study is Akshay Patra. Children from economically weaker sections are forced to seek work in place of education. Some of those who do manage to attend the school drop out to feed themselves and their families while others are known to perform poorly because of short attention spans and extreme hunger. Realizing that a nutritious school meal is an effective means of gettingunderprivileged childrencome to school and complete their education, Akshay Patra was formed as a not-for-profit organization in June 2000. The purpose of the organization in their words is to provide unlimited food for education, through modern community kitchens, thus freeing children from the vicious cycle of poverty and ensuring them an education.[14] Objectives of the study The main objectives of the current study are to Understand the evolution of the concept of community kitchens in India Provide a socio-economic profile of the respondents who are engaged in community kitchen in both settings (of the cases undertaken) Analyze the implementation of community kitchen undertaken by different organizations namely Ashodaya Samiti and Akshaya Patra Study how community kitchen is serving as a means to break social barriers (as demonstrated by Ashodaya Samiti). Understand how community kitchen could be a potential mechanism for eradicating hunger among school going children in the context of mid-day meal programme of Akshay Patra. Analyse the constraints in mobilizing the resources to keep the community kitchen a sustainable enterprise. Methodology Data collection for the research was done in two major organizations, Ashodaya Samiti in Mysore and Akshay Patra in Bangalore. The period of data collection was from 10.02.2010 to 22.02.2010. The data collection involved personal visits to both the organizations, interviews, focus group discussions and -participant observations. The current exploratory study attempts to understand the functioning of the community kitchens. Both primary and secondary sources of data have been collected for the study. The secondary data for the study came from annual reports of the organizations, websites, documentaries and media reports that have been provided by the organizations. The primary data for the study was collected from a diverse group of individuals engaged with both the organizations. In Ashodaya Samiti focus group discussions were carried out with the 20 sex workers who are the key in managing and operating the community kitchen. Individual in dept interviews were also carried out with 2 senior officials of the organization. The interview schedule consisted of open ended questions to include more information, their feelings, attitudes and understanding of the subject of community kitchen. In Akshay Patra data was collected through participant observation and interview schedules. Interviews were carried out with the workers in the kitchen to understand the mechanization of the operations. In-debt interviews were also carried out with the media spokesperson of the organization and the programme director. Visits to the kitchen on daily basis allowed an in-depth investigation of the process of food preparation and its distribution among the schools across the city. In this study in depth interview was useful in understanding the concepts related to community kitchens. The tool was helpful as it ensured that I received detailed information which helped me in exploring the idea to its depth. Focus group discussions were used as a form of qualitative research in which a group of people which included male, female and transgender sex workers of Ashodaya Samiti were asked about their perceptions, opinions, beliefs and attitudes towards sex work as their livelihood, need to collaborate at community level, evolution of the organization from heath interventions to community kitchen, empowerment through community kitchens and their future expectations from the project. Questions are asked in an interactive group setting where participants were free to talk with other group members. Participant observation which has its roots in the traditional ethnographic research was used a qualitative research strategy. Participation and observations were carried to varying degrees to study the communitys daily activities in both the cases (Ashodaya Samiti and Akshay Patra). Participant observation took place in the community settings, in locations like the sex workers day care centers, the Ashodaya hotel, community kitchen of Akshay patra which had direct relevance to the research questions. Engagement was done in such a manner such data could be collected by observing what life is like for an insider while remaining, inevitably, an outsider. While in these community settings, careful, field notes were made to record all observations. Data Analysis The current section provides an overview of both the organizations included in the study i.e. Ashodaya Samiti and Akshaya Patra. Ashodaya Samiti: Community kitchen used to break social barriers The first case that is presented in this section is the Ashodaya Samiti. The history of Ashodaya Samiti has to be seen in the backdrop of project Avahan. In the year 2003 Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation funded an India Aids initiative to reduce the spread of HIV in India under the project AVAHAN. Avahan was set up as a far ranging Aids prevention project, and has been a success story since its inception. Under the aegis of the project aids prevention work is carried out in six major sates in India. Within these states, it provides, prevention services to nearly 200,000 female sex workers, 60,000 high-risk men who have sex with men, and 20,000 injecting drug users, together with 5 million men at risk. [15] In 2003, UNAIDS studies reported that Asia presented the greatest risk of expansion of the global epidemic. The HIV cases have been on a continuous rise since the past decade. The major reasons for that are high prevalence of unsafe sex work and injecting drug users. Initial inter ventions by Avahan indicated that HIV transmission in south India was primarily sexual, and in the north-east mainly related to injecting drug use.[16] The Indian national response had a sound strategy for addressing high-risk groups. However, coverage of these groups was variable across the states and national average strikingly low.[17] [18] The Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation designed a programme with help of technical experts to look into the HIV and aids prevention strategies. The project began with full co-operation from the Indian government. Avahans aim was to help slow the transmission of HIV to the general population by raising prevention coverage of high-risk and bridge groups to scale by achieving saturation levels (over 80 percent) across large geographic areas. Considering the scale of the country the project was magnanimous in its objectives. To avoid any complications the project began with local level involvement in operations and planning. Avahan in Karnataka As mentioned earlier, the project was started in six high prevalence states namely Karnataka, Maharashtra, Andhra Pradesh, Tamil Nadu, Manipur and Nagaland. The prevalence in the first four states was predominantly due to male, female and transgender sex workers. In the other two states there were high incidences of the spread of virus due to injecting of drugs among the people. In Karnataka, University of Manitoba took the initiative to take up the project in the 18 of the 30 districts. Among the 18 districts, in 16 districts the i

Birth Defects Essay -- essays research papers fc

Birth defects, or congenital malformations, are the faulty formation of structures or body parts present at birth. Sporadic, hereditary, or acquired defects may be immediately observed or may become manifest later in life; they may be visible on the body surface or present internally. Birth defects may be life threatening and require surgical correction, or they may interfere with function or appearance. It is estimated that about 3% of all children are born with major defects; minor defects or variations are estimated to occur in 10% to 15% of births. Malformations may be single or multiple. Multiple malformations that occur in a regular recognizable pattern are referred to as syndromes--for example, the FETAL ALCOHOL SYNDROME sometimes observed in infants of mothers who drank heavily when pregnant. Birth defects may result from the action of genes, chromosomes, or the environment on the developing fetus, but often the cause cannot be determined. Inherited Defects Abnormal genes cause a significant number of different birth defects. Some can be identified as a single-gene disorder that is inherited in a simple Mendelian mode, that is, either a dominant or a recessive pattern. For example, lobster claw deformity of the hands and feet (split hands or feet) is inherited and results from the effect of a single dominant gene. A person who has this deformity runs a 50% risk (1 in 2) of bearing offspring who will inherit the gene and will therefore also be affected. Autosomal rece...

Metaphor and Modern Stories

Related resources: Modern stories I Nor, Radial I ‘Nail' by Radial Nor Sequencing activity Download file (2. K) Put the events of the story into the correct order with this on-screen activity. Related resources: Modern stories I Nor, Radial I ‘Nail' by Rid]al Nor Witnessing a crime Download file (95. K) action as witnesses should be, before investigating official government advice. They then contrast this with the criminal Justice system in operation in ‘Nail'. Intended for Higher Tier students.Related resources: Modern stories I Nor, Radial I ‘Nail' by Radial Nor Truth-tellers Download file (110. K) Work out who the truth-tellers are and how they were punished for their beliefs. Includes a research task linking back to ‘Nail'. Related resources: Modern stories I Nor, Radial I ‘Nail' by Radial Nor Top trumps Download file (238. 1 k) Explore characterization in the short story by creating character logs and a set of top trumps cards. Related resourc es: Modern stories I Nor, Radial I ‘Nail' by Radial Nor My parents sided with a murderer Download file (79. K) A speaking and listening role play activity in repose to events in ‘Nail', Jerry Springer style. Related resources: Modern stories I Nor, Radial I ‘Nail' by Radial Nor Drama activities Download file (74. K) A series of activities for exploring the central ideas in the story, including devised scenes, discussion and a TV news report. Related resources: Modern stories I Nor, Radial I ‘Nail' by Radial Nor Well-judged description Download file (133. 1 k) Is Nor a master of description or†¦ Not?Students explore the effectiveness of key descriptions and create a descriptive passage of their own. Intended for Higher Tier students. Related resources: Modern stories I Nor, Radial I ‘Nail' by Radial Nor Thinking about setting Download file (246. K) Explore aspects of place and environment with the help of a setting diagram and a series of prompt que stions. Intended for Foundation Tier students. Download file (208. K) Focus on a key passage, paying close attention to language, imagery and authorial technique.Related resources: Modern stories I Nor, Radial I ‘Nail' by Radial Nor Social and historical context Download file (92. K) Background information on Radial Nor and the short story ‘Nail'. This information is also available as a web page in the ‘Social and historical' section. Related resources: Modern stories I Nor, Radial I ‘Nail' by Radial Was it wrong that e sacrificed the truth and Justice for his son's only chance out of an otherwise dreary life like his?Explore ‘Nail' in Wordbook Launch activity Download file (168. K) Related resources: Modern stories I Nor, Radial I ‘Nail' by Radial Nor Teaching Download file (101. K) Before reading the story ‘Nail', students write a poem or piece of prose based on a Related resources: Modern stories I Nor, Radial I ‘Nail' by Radial Nor Witnessing a Students are given crime scenarios and asked to decide what their correct course of Related resources: Modern stories I Nor, Radial I ‘Nail' by Radial Nor The hangingRelated resources: Modern stories I Nor, Radial I ‘Nail' by Radial Narrows it wrong that he sacrificed the truth and Justice for his son's only chance out of an otherwise Related resources: Modern stories I Nor, Radial I ‘Nail' by Radial Nor This article includes a list of references, but its sources remain unclear because it has insufficient inline citations. Please help to improve this article by introducing more precise citations. (November 2008) A political cartoon from an 1894 Puck magazine by illustrator S. D. Rather, shows a farm woman labeled â€Å"Democratic Party† sheltering from a tornado of political change.A metaphor is a figure of speech that describes a subject by asserting that it is, on some point of comparison, the same as another otherwise unrelated object. It is a figure of speech comparing two unlike things without using either â€Å"like† or â€Å"as†. It is not to be mistaken with a simile which does use â€Å"like† or â€Å"as† in comparisons. Metaphor is a type of analogy and is closely related to other rhetorical figures of speech that achieve their effects via association, comparison or resemblance including allegory, hyperbole, and simile.One of the most prominent examples of a metaphor in English literature is the All the oral's a stage monologue from As You Like It: All the world's a stage, And all the men and women merely players; They have their exits and their entrances; ?William Shakespeare, As You Like It, 2/7[1] This quotation contains a metaphor because the world is not literally a stage. By figuratively asserting that the world is a stage, Shakespeare uses the points of comparison between the world and a stage to convey an understanding about the mechanics of the world and the lives of the peop le within it. The Philosophy of Rhetoric (1936) by l.A. Richards describes a metaphor as having woo parts: the tenor and the vehicle. The tenor is the subject to which attributes are ascribed. The vehicle is the object whose attributes are borrowed. In the previous example, â€Å"the world† is compared to a stage, describing it with the attributes of â€Å"the stage†; â€Å"the world† is the tenor, and â€Å"a stage† is the vehicle; â€Å"men and women† is the secondary tenor, and â€Å"players† is the secondary vehicle. Other writers employ the general terms ground and figure to denote the tenor and the vehicle. In cognitive linguistics, the terms target and source are used respectively. Contents [hide]

Favorite Quotes from Old Yeller (1956) by Fred Gipson

Old Yeller  (1956) is a beloved childrens novel about a boy, Travis Coates, and his heroic dog, Old Yeller. The novel is a Newbery Honor book (1957) and won many awards over the following decade. It is the work for which author Fred Gipson is best known, and Disney successfully adapted the story to the big screen. Below, we list some of the most significant quotes, as well as our personal favorites, from this short but powerful novel.  Ã‚   Quotes from the Classic Childrens Novel  Old Yeller He made me so mad at first that I wanted to kill him. Then, later, when I had to kill him, it was like having to shoot some of my own folks. Thats how much Id come to think of the big yeller dog.  Ã¢â‚¬â€Fred Gipson, Old Yeller, Chapter 1Still, they needed money, and they realized that whatever a man does, hes bound to take some risks.  Ã¢â‚¬â€Fred Gipson, Old Yeller, Chapter 1He was a big ugly, slick-haired yeller dog. One short ear had been chewed clear off and his tail had been bobbed so close to his rump that there was hardly stub enough left to wag.  Ã¢â‚¬â€Fred Gipson, Old Yeller, Chapter 2 Now, Travis, Mama said. Youre not being fair. You had a dog when you were little, but Arliss has never had one. Hes too little for you to play with, and he gets lonely.   Ã¢â‚¬â€Fred Gipson, Old Yeller, Chapter 2 Arliss! I yelled at Little Arliss. You get that nasty old dog out of our drinking water! —Fred Gipson, Old Yeller, Chapter 3I knew then that I loved him as much as I did Mama and Papa, maybe in some ways even a little bit more.  Ã¢â‚¬â€Fred Gipson, Old Yeller, Chapter 6After all that, I guess you can see why I nearly died when a man rode up one day and claimed Old Yeller.  Ã¢â‚¬â€Fred Gipson, Old Yeller, Chapter 7Shoot anything that acts unnatural, and dont fool around about it. Its too late after theyve already bitten or scratched you.  Ã¢â‚¬â€Fred Gipson, Old Yeller, Chapter 8A boy, before he really grows up, is pretty much like a wild animal. He can get the wits scared clear out of him today and by tomorrow have forgotten all about it.  Ã¢â‚¬â€Fred Gipson, Old Yeller, Chapter 9But we were too smart, Old Yeller and I.  Ã¢â‚¬â€Fred Gipson, Old Yeller, Chapter 9I reached in and let him lick my hand. Yeller, I said, Ill be back. Im promising that Ill be back.   Ã¢â‚¬â€Fred Gipson, Old Yeller, Chapter 10Papa had left me to look after things. But now I was laid up, and here was a girl handling my work about as good as I could .  Ã¢â‚¬â€Fred Gipson, Old Yeller, Chapter 13It was a good thing for us, Son; but it wasnt good for Old Yeller.  Ã¢â‚¬â€Fred Gipson, Old Yeller, Chapter 15 That was rough, he said. That was as rough a thing as I ever heard tell of happening to a boy. And Im mighty proud to learn how my boy stood up to it. You couldnt ask any more of a grown man.   Ã¢â‚¬â€Fred Gipson, Old Yeller, Chapter 16